Electromagnetic clutch.



' PATENTED FEB 25, 1903.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, IQOG.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

$5M; WM QM www- No. 880,266. v PATENTED FEB. 25, 1908. H. AST.ELECTROMAGNETIC CLUTCH.

APPLIGATION PILED JUNE 15, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SEEET 2.

PATENTED'IEB. 25, 1908. H. AST.

ELECTROMAGNETIC CLUTCH.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1906.

y 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Z Emma mmnmmm 1 u s n 880,266. PATENTED PEB.25, 1908.

H. AST,

ELECTROMAGNETIC GLUTGH.

APPLICATION FI ED JUNE 15, 1906.

' e SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTIQID FEB. 25, 1908.

H. ASTL- ELECTROMAGNETIG CLUTCH.

APPLIOATION HLED JUNE 15, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

PATENTED FEB .25, 1908.

v H. AST. ELECTROMAGNETIC CLUTCH. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1906, v

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WT Y

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH AST, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, AssrcNoR TO'THE FIRM or VULKANMASOHINENFABRIKS lcrinN eEsnIlLscHAFT, or VIENNA, Australia-HUNGARY.

.- ,EIIECTROMAGNETIG CLUTCH.

. I specification of Letters Patent. Application filed J une 15. 1906.Serial No. 321.867.

Patented Feb. 25, 1908.

netized parts of the clutch necessary for the productlon of theattractive force, often prove insufficient for taking up and carryingoff the heat. In this connection, besides the heat due to the electriccurrent, naturally generated in the winding, there has particularly tobe considered the frictional heat generated in starting and reversing,which arises owing to the fact that the one clutch 1 part, which is notintended to drive the other clutch part immediately, has first to slipthrough a short distance with the object of braking the live forces andaccelerating upthe masses so thatthe taking alongof theother or drivenpart of the clutch may be effected without shock. Moreover frictionalheat is also generated, especially in reversing gears and differentialspeed gears by reason of thefact that in putting into gear the clutchfor one motion, the clutch for another motion cannot be put out of gearimmediately without special devices owing to the greater or less amountof supervening residual magnetism, and therefore such clutch continuesto slip for a further short distance. In some cases the heat produced byhysteresis and by eddy currents may also have, to be taken into account.

Now this invention relates to improved constructions of electro-magneticclutches whereby the heat that is developed can be carried off. .Forthis purpose the improved construction embodies, either severally or incombination with one another, thefollowing features: 1. Cooling thefriction member, the magnet member, or the Winding chamber, by thearrangement of suitable passages in these parts of the clutch. 2.Ventilation of the heat-producing component parts,of the clutch by anarrangement of ribs or by ventilat-ion passages, or by aventilator-like'format'ion of these parts of the clutch. 3.

,Carryingoff of the heat by enlargement of the radiating surface, or byconnecting the heat-- generatmg parts with component parts adapted tofacilitate the transmission of heat. Y

The drawings illustrate by way of example various constructional formsof electromagnetic clutches embodying such features and at same timethey indicate the diversity with which the combination of these featuresmay be applied to suit particular cases that may present themselves atany time.

In the constructional form shown in Fig.

1 a is the clutch part keyed on a shaft and which holds the frictionmember 0; and b is the magnet -mem-ber forming the other part of theclutch and which is either running loose on the same shaft'ormay bemounted on the other shaft that is either driving or that has to bedriven. This member is secured to a carrier (1 on which the frictionsurface ecorresponding to the friction member c is arranged. Thefrictional heat gen-' tween the magnet member I) and the carrier d arearranged air passagesZ whereby an advantageous cooling of both parts isobtained.

Fig. 2 shows a constructional form of an electro-magnetic clutch inwhich the clutch part b is made in one piece with the carrier d which inthis case consists of a spur wheel and which runsloose on the shaft. Aseparate body 9 of large mass and presenting considerable surface areaand which may also be provided with a separate friction member f, servesfor absorbing-and carrying off the frictional heat. Air passages Zeffect an enhanced coolin action.

Fig. 3 shows, part y in elevation and partly in section, aconstructional form in'which airpassages Z are led around the magnetmember and behind the friction member For the purpose of increasing theheat-giving off surface or it may be for producing a moderate air draftthe friction member may be provided with radial ribs m, as shown in Fig.4, or be formed with ribs m or m respectively, which, as shown in Fig.5, are curved or tangentially arranged according .to the direction ofrotation, or which may carrier d'of the friction member.

As shown in Fig. 3, the arms or webs 7c of the clutch parts may beprovided with inclined lateral surfaces with the object of obtaining aventilator-like action.

The constructional form shown in Fig. 7 comprises a friction member fprovided with separate air passages'l; the walls between the passagesmay in this case also be arranged to extend radially or be curved orinclined in a manner suitable to a'certain direction of rotation.

Fi 8 shows a constructional form in whic the winding chamber hcommunicates with air passages Z and 1 With the object of obtaining afavorable draft the pas-. sages l are directed as much as possibletowards the axis of the coupling; the passages Z are arranged radiallyor, with advan tage, obliquely, so as to facilitate the exit of the air.Instead of these passages Z passages Z extending obliquely in an outwarddirection may be provided. The friction member f, which in thisconstruction is arranged between the attracting surfaces has ribs on itsinner side that serve both for increasing the heat-giving-ofi" surfaceand for obtaining a cooling effect. 1

Figs. 9 and 10 show in section and in elevation respectively a form ofconstruction in which the friction member 0 of the part a of the clutchis provided with cooling passa es'l.

igs. 11, 12*and 13 illustrate ventilating arrangements for a frictionmember f ar ranged between the attracting surfaces and in the part b ofthe clutch. This friction member is provided with air passages Z whichmay. be round or angular in form and are radially arranged or curved.These passages open intocollecting channels gand q from which startseparate passages Z that traverse the magnet member I).

As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, ribs p may be provided on the covering ring0 of the windmg chamber with the object'of obtaining a better coolingaction.

According to Figs. 16 and 17 ribs 7 are arranged on the outer surfacesof the clutch parts a, and b in order to increase the heattransmittingsurface. The winding space it may also, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19, beventilated by large openings 9 instead of by passages such as shown inFig. 8. i

Fig. 20 shows another form of ventilating arrangement suitablefor anelectro-magnetic clutch with double fixed part a and two magnet memberstionvmembe'rs c of the double fixedpart and the two magnet members areprovided with air passages l, arranged in contiguity to the 1 frictionmembers, or in some cases it may be in the friction members. v

Fig. 21 shows the arrangement of an electro-magnetic double clutch inwhich the winding is not arranged in an annular groove, concentrical tothe axis, but in' which two or more windings, each closed in itself,(Fig. 22) are embedded in the magnet member outside of the axis. doublearmature a is effected by means of ribs or blades s provided in suitableshape and numbers between" the disks of the armature in the shape of aventilator. The cooling of the winding and of the friction rings iseffected in a similar manner, as shown in Figs-1]. or 6. The cooling ofthe magnet members is effected in a similar manner as in the arrangementshown in Fig; 16, by

means of ribs 1' and these latter may be ar ranged so as to assume theshape of a ventilator 'as indicated inFi 21. In sin le clutches of thisdescription t 1e armature disk will be arranged so as to form aventilator in the manner represented in Fig. 23.

In order to efficiently remove the heat generated by eddy currents thecooling of the armature and of the magnet member may also be effected bycompressed air or b In this case both the fric- The ventilation of the"some other air-like or liquid medium a mitted from the exterior throu ha hollow space i u of the clutch'shaft (Fig. 21) or in some othersuitable manner.

Claims.

1. In electro-inagnetic clutches: a clutch I part provided with afriction member; a carrier provided with a friction surface adapted toengage said friction member; and a magnet member secured to saidcarrier.

2. In eIectro-magnetic clutches: a clutch part provided with africtionmember; a carrier of relatively large surface provided with afriction surface or member ada ted to engage .with the said friction memer; and a magnet member secured to and surrounded by said carrier. .1

3. In electro-magnetic clutches: a clutch part provided with a frictionmember; a car-- rier provided with a friction surface adapted to engagesaid friction member; a magnetmember secured to said carrier; and meansto promote .wentilation and assist in the dis-. sipation of'the heatgenerated between said. friction member and said friction surface.

4'. In electro-magnetic clutches: a clutch part; a carrier; a magnetmember secured to said carrier; and air passages or channels be: tweensaid carrier and said ma net member.

5. In electro-magnetic clutc liesp a clutch part; a carrier providedwith air passages or channels; and a magnet member secured to saidcarrier.

6. In electro-magnetic clutchesfa clutch,

part provided with air passages or channels;

a carrier; a magnet member secured. to said carrler; and air passagesor. channelsbetween said carrier andsald magnet member. 7. Inelectro-magnetic clutches: a clutch part; a carrier provided with airpassages or I channels; a magnet member secured to and surrounded bysaid carrier; and air spaces or channels surrounding said magnet meminthe said carrier..

8. In electro-magnetic clutches: a carrier;

a'friction surface or; member; Ventilating ,air

assages or channels in connection with said I iction member; andventilating air pasvber and communicating with the-air passages Y sagesor channels in said carrier, and communicating with the said Ventilatingair passages or channels in connection with said friction member: I

9. In electro-niagnet'ic clutches: a carrier; a' friction surfaceormember secured to said carrier; and ventilating air passages orchannels' between said friction member and said carrier. v v V 10. Inelectro-magnetic' clutches: a carrierof relatively-large-surface andprovided with a friction surface ormember; and venti.-

lating air passages or channels in said carrier.

' 11.' In electro-magnetic clutches: a car rier; a magnet member and afriction member carried thereby; ventilatmg air passages or channels insaid carrler; and Ventilating air passages or channels through saidfriction.

member and communicating with said Ventilating passages-or channels insaid. carrier. 12. In electro-magnetio clutches: a 'car-' rier; a magnetmember and a friction nemher-carried thereby; vent1lat1ng air passages,or channels in said carrier; ventilating 'air' HEINRICH AST. 9

Witnesses-z Jo'sEF RUBARCH, ALvEsTo S. HOGUE.

